The loss of elbow joint movement due to various reasons, resulting in fixation in a specific position, is called elbow joint ankylosis. It is often classified into fibrous stiffness and bony ankylosis.

bubble_chart Pathogenesis

1. Elbow joint fracture, especially improper reduction after intra-articular fracture.

2. Myositis ossificans.

3. Extensive and severe adhesions caused by injury to muscles, tendons, ligaments, joint capsules, etc.

4. Improper treatment after elbow joint trauma, such as prolonged immobilization, forceful activity, tuina therapy, etc.

5. Elbow joint infection.

bubble_chart Clinical Manifestations

The elbow joint can become ankylosed in any position, most commonly in flexion, accounting for about two-thirds of cases, while extension accounts for about one-third. Regardless of the position of ankylosis, it results in severe functional impairment of the elbow joint. X-ray examination can help analyze the cause of elbow joint ankylosis.

bubble_chart Treatment Measures

1. Conservative treatment: For fibrous ankylosis, physical therapy can be attempted, including active exercise combined with physiotherapy, which is effective for early intra-articular adhesions. Avoid forceful passive extension and flexion.

2. Surgical treatment: This is a reliable method for treating elbow ankylosis. It is generally performed 4 to 6 months after injury. Surgery performed too early, while myositis ossificans is still active, may lead to recurrent ankylosis; surgery performed too late may result in soft tissue contractures and adhesions around the joint, reducing elasticity and yielding suboptimal outcomes. Surgical methods include: ① elbow joint release; ② elbow arthroplasty, such as fascial arthroplasty or elbow resection; ③ elbow arthrodesis, among others.