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Qibo said: The heavens and earth interact, cold and warmth shift, the way of yin-yang, which is less and which is more⁽¹⁾？The vagina is even, the yang path is odd⁽²⁾；In spring and summer, yin qi is less, yang qi is more⁽³⁾，yin-yang is not balanced, what to supplement and what to drain? In autumn and winter, yang qi is less, yin qi is more⁽⁴⁾；yin qi is abundant and yang qi is weak, so the stems and leaves wither, wet rain descends, yin-yang shifts⁽⁵⁾，what to drain and what to supplement⁽⁶⁾？Odd evils deviate from the classics, countless, not knowing Genjie，the five zang and six fu, broken barriers, failed pivots, open and close and flee, yin-yang greatly lost, cannot be regained. The mystery of the nine needles, the key is Zhongshi⁽⁷⁾，so can know Zhongshi⁽⁸⁾，one word and done, not knowing Zhongshi，the way of needles is all cut off⁽⁹⁾。

• Taiyang (EX-HN5) rooted inZhiyin (BL67)，connected toMingmen (GV4). Mingmen (GV4) is the eyes⁽¹⁰⁾。
• yangming rooted inLidui (ST45)，connected to the forehead. The forehead is the clamp of the ear⁽¹¹⁾。
• shaoyang rooted in Qiaoyin, connected to the window cage, the window cage is the middle of the ear⁽¹²⁾。

Taiyang (EX-HN5) is the opening,yangming is the closing,shaoyang is the pivot. Therefore

• if the opening is broken, the flesh joints are corrupted and sudden illness arises. Therefore for sudden illness, take Taiyang (EX-HN5), see excess and deficiency. Corrupted, the skin and flesh are weak and flaccid⁽¹³⁾。
• If the closing is broken, the qi has nowhere to rest, and paralysis arises, therefore for paralysis, take yangming⁽¹⁴⁾，see excess and deficiency, nowhere to rest, vital qi stagnates, pathogenic qi resides.
• If the pivot is broken, the bones sway and cannot rest on the ground, therefore for swaying bones, take shaoyang⁽¹⁵⁾，see excess and deficiency. Swaying bones, the joints are slack and not controlled. So-called swaying bones⁽¹⁶⁾，shaking therefore, should investigate its root⁽¹⁷⁾。

• taiyin rooted inYinbai (SP1)，connected to the great granary.
• shaoyin rooted inYongquan (KI1)，connected toLianquan (CV23).
• Jueyin originates from Dadun (LR1), connects at Yuying, and links to Tanzhong (CV17)⁽¹⁸⁾.

Taiyin is the opening ⁽¹⁹⁾, Jueyin is the closing, Shaoyin is the pivot ⁽²⁰⁾. Therefore

• When the opening is impaired, the granaries have nothing to transport, leading to diaphragmatic and intestinal disorders. For diaphragmatic and intestinal disorders, treat the Taiyin meridian, assessing excess and deficiency. Thus, impairment of the opening results from insufficient qi and causes illness;
• impairment of the closing leads to qi exhaustion and a tendency to sorrow⁽²¹⁾. For sorrow, treat the Jueyin meridian, assessing excess and deficiency.
• Impairment of the pivot results in blockages in the vessels. For blockages, treat the Shaoyin meridian, assessing excess and deficiency. For blockages, treat the deficiency⁽²²⁾.

• Foot Taiyang originates at Zhiyin (BL67), flows through Jinggu (BL64), converges at Kunlun (BL60), and enters Tianzhu (BL10) and Feiyang (BL58).
• Foot Shaoyang originates at Qiaoyin, flows through Qiuxu (GB40)⁽²³⁾, converges at Yangfu (GB38), and enters Tianrong (SI17) and Guangming (GB37).
• Foot Yangming originates at Lidui (ST45), flows through Chongyang (ST42), converges at Xialing, and enters Renying (ST9) and Fenglong (ST40).
• Hand Taiyang originates at Shaoze (SI1), flows through Yanggu (SI5)⁽²⁴⁾, converges at Shaohai (HT3), and enters Tianchuang (SI16) and Zhizheng (SI7).
• Hand Shaoyang originates at Guanchong (TE1), flows through Yangchi (TE4), converges at Zhigou (TE6), and enters Tianyou (TE16) and Waiguan (TE5).
• Hand Yangming originates at Shangyang (LI1), flows through Hegu (LI4), converges at Yangxi, and enters Futu (LI18) and Pianli (LI6).

These are the so-called twelve meridians⁽²⁵⁾, and all excess collaterals should be treated⁽²⁶⁾.

Fifty cycles in one day and night nourish the essence of the five zang organs. Failure to match this number is called reckless life⁽²⁷⁾. The so-called fifty cycles mean that the five zang organs all receive qi⁽²⁸⁾, hold the pulse opening, and count its beats. Fifty beats without a missed beat means the five zang organs all receive qi⁽²⁹⁾, the five zang organs all receive qi⁽³⁰⁾. Forty beats with one missed beat means one zang organ lacks qi. Thirty beats with one missed beat means two zang organs lack qi. Twenty beats with one missed beat means three zang organs lack qi. Ten beats with one missed beat means four zang organs lack qi. Fewer than ten beats with one missed beat means all five zang organs lack qi. Predict a short lifespan, focusing on Zhongshi. The so-called fifty beats without a missed beat is considered normal. To predict the lifespan of the five zang organs, a short lifespan is indicated by irregular beats, sometimes fast, sometimes slow.

Huangdi said: Nishun The five body constituents refer to the size of a person's joints, the firmness or fragility of the flesh, the thickness or thinness of the skin, the clarity or turbidity of the blood, the smoothness or roughness of the qi, the length of the meridians, the amount of blood, and the number of meridians and collaterals. I already know these, and they are all common people. As for the noble lords and rulers who consume blood, ⁽³¹⁾ their bodies are soft and fragile, their muscles are weak ⁽³²⁾, their blood and qi are swift and smooth, so how can the speed, depth, and amount of acupuncture be the same? ⁽³³⁾ Qibo replied: The flavors of rich food and simple grains, ⁽³⁴⁾ how can they be the same? If the qi is smooth, it exits quickly ⁽³⁵⁾, if the qi is rough, it exits slowly ⁽³⁶⁾, if the qi is swift, the needle should be small and shallow, if the qi is rough, the needle should be large and deep. Deep requires retention, shallow requires speed. From this perspective ⁽³⁷⁾, when needling common people, it should be deep and retained; when needling nobles, it should be subtle and slow ⁽³⁸⁾, this is all due to the swift and smooth nature of the qi.

Huangdi said: What about the Nishun of form and qi? Qibo replied:

• When the form and qi are insufficient, and the pestilent qi is excessive, it is a case of evil prevailing, and it should be urgently drained.
• When the form and qi are excessive, and the pestilent qi is insufficient, it should be urgently supplemented.
• When both the form and qi and the pestilent qi are insufficient, this is a case of both yin and yang qi being insufficient, and it should not be needled. Needling in such a case would lead to further insufficiency, and further insufficiency would cause both yin and yang to be exhausted, the blood and qi to be depleted, the five viscera to be empty, and the sinews, bones, and marrow to wither. The elderly would perish, and the strong would not recover.
• When both the form and qi and the pestilent qi are excessive, this is a case of both yin and yang being excessive, and the evil should be urgently drained, and the deficiency and excess should be regulated.

Therefore, it is said: Excess should be drained, and deficiency should be supplemented, this is what it means. Therefore, it is said: If needling does not know Nishun, the true and evil will clash ⁽³⁹⁾. If one supplements when it is full, then yin and yang will overflow, the intestines and stomach will be filled, and the liver and lungs will be internally swollen ⁽⁴⁰⁾, yin and yang will be disordered. If one drains when it is empty, then the meridians will be empty, the blood and qi will be exhausted, the intestines and stomach will be constricted ⁽⁴¹⁾, the skin will be thin, the hair and pores will wither, and the time of death will be given. Therefore, it is said: The key to using needles lies in knowing how to regulate yin and yang ⁽⁴²⁾, regulating yin and yang, the essential qi will shine ⁽⁴³⁾, harmonizing form and qi, and causing the spirit to be stored internally. Therefore, it is said: The superior physician regulates the normal circuit qi, the mediocre physician disrupts the meridians ⁽⁴⁴⁾, the inferior physician cuts off the qi and endangers life. Therefore, it is said that the inferior physician must be cautious ⁽⁴⁵⁾. One must examine the changes of the five viscera, the responses of the five pulses, the excess and deficiency of the meridians and collaterals, the softness and roughness of the skin ⁽⁴⁶⁾, and then proceed with treatment.

1. Jiayi Jing "Qibo" as "Huangdi" ， "warmth" as "heat" ， "way" as "number" .
2. Taisu "even" has "and" below,Jiayi Jingsame.
3. Taisu "less" has "and" below,Jiayi Jingsame.
4. Taisu "less" has "and" below,Jiayi Jingsame. Also without "and" .
5. Jiayi Jing "shift" as "separate" .
6. Taisuas "what to supplement and what to drain" ,Jiayi Jingsame.
7. Taisuas "the key of the nine needles, lies in Zhongshi" .
8. Taisuwithout "can" .
9. Taisu "all cut off" as "extinguished" ,Jiayi Jingas "cut off" .
10. Taisuwithout "Mingmen (GV4) is the eyes" .
11. Jiayi Jingas "connected to nasopharynx, nasopharynx is the clamp. The clamp is the ear" .
12. Taisuwithout "window cage" .
13. Taisu "corrupted" as "rotted" , without "skin" .Jiayi Jing "corrupted" as "ulcerated and slack" ， "therefore" has "observe" below， "flaccid" as "slack" .
14. Jiayi Jing "paralysis" as "illness" ， "take" has "all" above.
15. Taisu "if" as "then" ,Jiayi Jingsame. Also "sway" as "shake" ， "rest" has "can" above, without "swaying bones" .
16. Taisu "so" as "that" , without "so-called swaying bones, shaking therefore" .
17. Taisu "investigate" as "examine" ,Jiayi Jingsame.
18. Taisu "links" is written as "ends" in some texts.
19. Taisu "opening" is written as "closing" in some texts.
20. Yang Shang-shan: "There are two types of doors, inner doors and outer doors. The three yin are the inner doors, and the three yang are the outer doors."
21. Taisu interprets "exhaustion" as "relaxation" and "leads to" as "then," Jiayi Jing agrees.
22. Taisu omits "deficiency" at the end of the sentence, Jiayi Jing agrees.
23. Taisu interprets "flows" as "streams," Jiayi Jing agrees, and so on.
24. Jiayi Jing interprets "Yanggu (SI5)" as "Yang Valley."
25. Taisu adds "root" before "twelve." Jiayi Jing adds "collaterals" after "meridians" and changes "are" to "also."
26. Jiayi Jing changes "all" to "those."
27. Jiayi Jing changes "called" to "termed."
28. Taisu adds "also" after "qi," Jiayi Jing agrees.
29. Maijing changes "beats" to "throws."
30. Taisu adds "indeed" here, Jiayi Jing agrees.
31. Jiayi Jing "those who consume blood" is written as "blood eaters".
32. Jiayi Jing "muscles" is written as "skin".
33. Jiayi Jing writes "how can it be the same?"
34. Taisu begins with "indeed", Jiayi Jing same. In various editions, "liang" is written as "liang", Zhao edition is the same as the original.
35. Taisu "ji" is written as "ze", Jiayi Jing same.
36. some editions do not have "qi", Jiayi Jing same.
37. Jiayi Jing writes "therefore".
38. Taisu does not have the two "zhi" characters, Jiayi Jing same.
39. Taisu "clash" is written as "薄", Jiayi Jing is the same.
40. Jiayi Jing "full" is written as "實", "yin and yang overflow" is written as "yin and yang blood and qi overflow", "swollen" is written as "脹".
41. Jiayi Jing "constricted" is written as "懾", Taisu is written as "攝".
42. Taisu does not have "yin and yang", Jiayi Jing is the same.
43. Jiayi Jing "shine" is written as "充".
44. Taisu "meridians" is written as "經", Jiayi Jing is the same.
45. Taisu does not have "said". Jiayi Jing does not have "therefore it is said the inferior physician".
46. Taisu "examine" has "其" below it. Jiayi Jing "examine" is written as "察", "the changes of the five viscera" is written as "the changes of their five viscera", "response" has "相" above it, "collateral" is written as "pulse", "skin" has "膚" below it.